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KMID : 1143420190120522470
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Public Health Weekly Report
2019 Volume.12 No. 52 p.2470 ~ p.2476
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Current Status of Botulinum Vaccine Development
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Choi Eun-Sun
Jeon Jun-Ho
Kang Byung-Hak
Rhie Gi-Eun
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Abstract
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Botulism is a neuroparalytic disease caused by the neurotoxins produced primarily by the Gram-positive, spore-forming
bacterium Clostridium botulinum. Botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) causes flaccid paralysis by inhibiting the release of
acetylcholine from motor neurons. An investigational formalin-inactivated penta-serotype-BoNT/A-E toxoid administered in
the USA under an Investigational New Drug (IND) was used to vaccinate people who are at high risk of contracting botulism. However, this pentavalent (ABCDE) botulinum toxoid (PBT) vaccine was discontinued by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in 2011 due to losing potency and reactogenic effects. However, recent research has pointed to the development of vaccines against botulism to replace the discontinued toxoid vaccine. This article focused on botulism and the development of vaccines for its prevention. These vaccines include DNA, recombinant protein, viral vector and nanoparticle-based vaccines.
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KEYWORD
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Botulism, Neurotoxin, Toxoid, Vaccine, Prevention
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